강경민 Kang Kyeong-min , 민기 Min Kee

DOI: Vol.25(No.2) 1-28, 2018

This study aims at figuring out the reasons of fishing boundary disputes and the process of dispute resolution between fishing villages in Jeju islands.. Five dispute cases that were happened in 1960s are analyzed to find how to reach the agreements between parties concerned. This study finds three policy implications. First, it is desirable that the disputes caused by fishing communities should be solved based on the principle of subsidiarity. The community dispute must be solved first between the communities concerned. If not, the conflict should be settled by outsider's arbitration, government intervention, or court ruling. Second, new system must be applied gradually for the groups who lose the expected profits from the changes of rules. In order to introduce a new rule smoothly, an old rule continues to apply to some existing situations while a new rule will apply to all future cases. Third, the dispute should be discussed by local governance where parties concerned, fisheries cooperatives, local government and civic groups take part in. Local governance accords with the principle of local autonomy and is a process of democratic practice.

마을어장, 어장경계분쟁, 어업공동체, 공유자원, Village Fishing Ground, Fishing Boundary Dispute, Fishing Community, The Commons

장현주 Chang Hyunjoo

DOI: Vol.25(No.2) 29-53, 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore the siting process and the public involvement mechanism that caused the siting conflict of the US high-level radioactive waste disposal facility and what implications are needed to mitigate future siting conflicts. In the United States, after the Obama administration took office in 2009, the process of siting the high-level radioactive waste disposal facility was discontinued for the most part because of community objections. In accordance with the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982, which governs the leading role of the federal government in the treatment of high-level radioactive waste, the federal government leads the process of site selection without a public offering process and it results in the lack of a feedback effort from a state, counties, and residents. However, the new "Consent-Based Approach" announced after 2013 is to ensure the right of withdrawal before the state and local government concludes the agreement and voluntarily participates in the public offering based on the opinion of residents, and to make it possible to prevent siting conflicts by stipulating substantive public participation and opinion convergence. It is important to note that this method is highly time and cost effective, enables substantial participation of residents through referendum in the decision-making process, and has a relatively high effectiveness in collecting opinions from the public through sufficient consultation and participation. This study also suggests that the role of the neutral third-party facilitator is to promote smooth communication through emotional relaxation between the parties. Finally, this case suggests that it is necessary to reduce the risk management cost due to the withdrawal by preemptively supporting the necessary resources and information so that the local governments in Korea will be able to voluntarily participate in the competition.

고준위 방사성폐기물, 입지선정 절차, 주민참여, High-Level Radioactive Waste, Siting Process, Public Involvement

정석환 Jung Seok Hwan

DOI: Vol.25(No.2) 55-74, 2018

This study empirically analyzed how perceived organizational support perceived by civil servants affected organizational citizenship behavior. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, the relationship between perceived organizational support and affective commitment showed that organizational support and superiors' support were influential. Second, the relationship between perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior was found to have an effect on peer support. Third, affective commitment has a mediating effect on perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior. The results of this study suggest that it is important to develop policies that can enhance the level of perceived organizational support in the human resource management of public organizations. It will contribute to the development of organizational behavior theory.

조직지원인식, 정서적 몰입, 조직시민행동, Perceived organizational support, Affective commitment, Organizational citizenship behavior

복문수 Bok Moon-soo

DOI: Vol.25(No.2) 75-101, 2018

I have analysed on fiscal equity effects of the shared property taxation[SPT] in Seoul Special Metropolitan City during 2007~2017. In general, SPT has worked for fiscal equity improvement between 25 autonomous districts. However, there are some differences on them in detail. (1) Fiscal equity improvement effects are in next order : property tax level > districts tax level > autonomous budget level > total budget level (total amount and per capita in all). To be specific, fiscal equity improvement effects are over 30% in property tax level and districts tax level(total amount and per capita in all). However, in autonomous budget level and total budget level are under 10%(total amount) and in total budget level is under 10%(per capita). Therefore we should not simply insist that SPT has always worked for fiscal equity improvement. In these findings, I would like to suggest some fiscal equity improvement plans in all autonomous districts : (1) looking for new plans not only in property tax but also in all local tax system, (2) expanding the local tax reformation to all metropolitan autonomous districts and (3) expanding the all tax systems in local and national level.

재산세 공동과세제, 재정형평성, 자치구, 특별시와 광역시, Shared Property Taxation, Fiscal Equity Effect, Autonomous Districts, Metropolitan City

김홍환 Kim Hongwhan , 정순관 Chung Soongwan

DOI: Vol.25(No.2) 103-122, 2018

The purpose of this study is to find ways to expand the autonomous right to tax of local governments. To do this, we grasped the types of the autonomous right to tax, the permissible scope, and actual conditions of the rights. The Autonomous right to tax can be divided into decision of tax items, tax rates and standard of assessments. In the Korean Constitution, tax items and tax rate are decided by law. Therefore, in principle, there is no guarantee the rights of tax items and tax rates. In addition, since the taxation standard is determined in advance by various laws, the determination of the standard of assessment is not guaranteed either. This is because it is based on the ratio of self-financing such as local grant taxes, nation subsidies, mediation grants, and the upper autonomy subsidies. In other words, local governments do not have the incentive to expand the local tax rate by utilizing the flexible tax rate system. Policy implications for the autonomous right to tax are proposed in two aspects. First, if the constitutional amendment is not considered, it is a measure to guarantee the right to decide the tax rate using the flexible tax rate system. For this, the local financial structure should be shifted from the dependent resources to the self-funded ones, and the financial transfer system should be operated in accordance with the principles. Second, if the amendment of the Constitution is to be implemented, "local tax preference" should be adopted in order to allow local autonomy in establishing national tax and local tax.

과세자주권, 탄력세율, 세목결정, 세율결정, 헌법개정, 지방세 우선주의, the Autonomous Right to Tax, Flexible Tax Rate, Decision Tax Items, Decision of Tax Rate, Constitutional Amendment, Local Tax Preference

신가희 Shin Ga Hui

DOI: Vol.25(No.2) 123-148, 2018

The special grants offered in the local education financial system find significance in that they address the special educational needs present in different regions while helping to relieve regional educational disparities. However, the fact that the purpose and coverage of the special grants are made unclear with ambiguous allocation criteria, and are resultingly subject to political influence, has continuously been raised as a potential issue. This study tests the political influence of the main political actors (national assembly members, superintendents, and ministers and vice-ministers of education) on special grants allocation of 226 Korean local governments for the decade 2013-2017. The results show that political influence of ruling party members, members of Culture, Sports, and Tourism Committee, superintendents are important variables. However, the results show that the rural areas with less education infrastructure are allocated fewer special grants than urban areas. This study suggests a need for reform of the special grants in order for the local education financial system to meet its intended purpose of alleviating regional disparities in funding and responding to local educational needs.

지방교육재정, 지역교육현안수요 특별교부금, 정치적 배분, 지역교육수요, Local Educational Finance System, Special Grant, Special Pending Demand for Local Education, Political Resource Allocation